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Current results
Laser module
Over the course of the project, a laser module was developed that can be integrated into a field robot.
Model-based simulations of the system's temporal dynamics were used to optimize actuator motion strategies and derive requirements for speed, acceleration, and braking behavior.
A field study is currently underway to evaluate the effectiveness of the overall system. The goal is to investigate the accuracy and effectiveness of laser-based weed control under real-world conditions and to validate the system optimizations developed during the project. The trials are being conducted at the Fieldlab for Digital Agriculture in collaboration with the Technical University of Berlin. In addition to the robustness of the overall system, the control of the parallel kinematics and the achievable accuracy of the laser system will also be evaluated. The experimental design follows established scientific guidelines to ensure standardized and reproducible data collection. Additionally, further image data will be collected under various light and weather conditions to expand the data set for the further development of the detection algorithms.
Mechanical Module
In addition to nAIture’s existing system, which uses actively driven mechanical tools, two further variants featuring passive and semi-active tools have been developed. These variants were tested in laboratory and field trials to compare their different modes of operation.
Ultimately, the passive tool has proven to be the best compromise between efficient plant cutting and a cost-effective, low-maintenance design. In addition to the 12 tools, the entire module includes an image capture system with the corresponding evaluation technology and actuators, a height adjustment mechanism for independent fine-tuning of the working height, and a clamping point for a standard hoeing frame. The image analysis and tool control have been designed and optimized to ensure precise operation at travel speeds of up to 1 m/s.
The effectiveness of a weeding system depends largely on its speed and working width. To demonstrate this and to ensure compatibility with Westhof Bio’s mounting system (6 m working width), a tractor-mounted attachment designed for 8 rows of ridges was developed.
To meet the needs of small businesses, a machine with a 3-meter working width will soon be introduced that requires only a three-point hitch and a PTO connection. All other systems will be integrated into the machine.
Another key consideration is the choice of materials for the tool. The weeding blade is designed as an edge component and was manufactured from various stainless steels, as well as hardened and unhardened manganese-boron steels, and tested at the wear testing facility at TU Dresden. The results were incorporated into the development process.